IBC Resolution Strategy: Lessons from 2025's Most Complex Cases

The IBC has now generated a substantial body of case law that continues to shape how Indian businesses approach distress, resolution planning, and creditor strategy. The major decisions from 2025 clarified several contested issues while leaving others open for further litigation.

Three themes remained central through the year: the rights of operational creditors in large resolutions, the treatment of avoidance transactions, and the judiciary's continued emphasis on the commercial wisdom of the Committee of Creditors within the statutory framework.

For businesses facing distress and investors evaluating distressed opportunities, these developments affect more than technical pleading. They change leverage, negotiation posture, and the practical timeline within which value can be preserved.